Jerilderie
Small rural township made famous by its association with
Ned Kelly and his gang of bushrangers.
Located 638 km south-west of Sydney via the Hume and Sturt
Highways and 109 m above sea-level Jerilderie is a town of
some 900 persons. The name derives from the language of the
Jeithi Aborigines who lived here before European settlement.
'Djirrildhuray' is thought to mean 'with reeds' or 'reedy
place', probably referring to its situation on the banks of
Billabong Creek. The surrounding district produces wool,
wheat, rice and vegetables and is the centre of the largest
merino stud area in NSW.
Squatters, mostly from Tumut, moved into the area during
the land rush of the early 1840s and established large
cattle stations along Billabong Creek.
The stations were licensed in 1848 and the dwellings
slowly altered from basic gunyahs to slab huts to
lathe-and-plaster walls and shingle roofs. Mary's Creek run,
which surrounded the future townsite, was taken up by the
Kennedy family. Settlement started when itinerant drapery
dealer, John Carracticus Powell, with the encouragement and
assistance of the Kennedy Family, set up a house and store
in 1858 by the creek. He also opened the Travellers' Rest
Inn. The first building on the current townsite it later
became the Albion Inn and is still standing.
William Davidson arrived the following year and chose a
spot 3.2 km away. He constructed a brick kiln and made his
own home, hotel and blacksmith's.
River-steamer captain, Francis Cadell (see entry on Hay)
built another store between the two in 1860, on a site
opposite the current police station. Thus there were three
competitors in close proximity for what must have been a
very limited amount of custom in a countryside that was
grossly underpopulated.
The village was gazetted in 1865 and sheep began to
replace cattle. A public school opened in 1868 and a
courthouse in 1869. Around 1873 when the first wheat was
harvested. The merino studs, for which the district is
famous, were developed in the 1880s.
The whistle of the first train surprised the townspeople
in 1884 as it was not scheduled and they did not even know
the line had been completed. The municipality was declared
in 1889.
The population increased from 170 in 1871 to 989 in 1911.
However, the selectors failed so the town declined and the
land reverted to large holdings. More recently irrigation
has enabled the growth of the rice and vegetable industry.
This has enabled the construction of two tomato-processing
plants in the vicinity.
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Jerilderie
